Heusteich geatj



(No Model.)

H. GRAU.

ELECTROMAGNETIC MOTOR FOR GLOUKSL No. 279,239. Patented June 12,1883.

Fig.

' UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

HEINRICH GRAU, OF CASSEL, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTOR FOR CLOCKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,239, dated June 12,1883.

Application filed August 25, 1882. (No model.) Patented in Germany May5, 1882,}10. 18,057.

' netic Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had'to the accompanying drawings, and to lettersor figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

The invention consists in certain improvements in the construction ofelectromagnetic indicating devices with rotating polarized armature,substantially as hereinafter fully described, and specifically pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures -1 and 2 are rear and sideelevations, respectively, of the improved indicating devices; and Fig. 3shows the armature and its steel magnet in elevation. Figs. 4 and 5 aredetail views of the armature, and Fig. 6 is a detail view of the stopmechanism on an enlarged scale.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the above figures ofdrawings.

The mechanism is supported by a suitable frame-work, F, in which ashaft, S, of brass, has its bearings, as shown at d and e. The saidshaft passes loosely through the legs of a str'ong steel magnet, M, andcarries between .the poles at and b of the magnet the armature of onewill lie between the arms of the other,

thetwo sections will form a toothed wheel cap able of operation like anescap ement or ratchet wheel, as shown in Fig. 3.

Owing to the proximity of the hubs of the armature-sections to the polesof the magnet M, said sections are magnetized, and are of the samepolarity as that of the adjacent poles of said magnet Mthat is to say,the arms f h of the section A will be the N. poles, and the arms 9 i ofthe section A the S. poles, and the said poles will alternate with oneanother.

The armature is arranged in proximity to and partly between the coils CC of an electromagnet, M, the poles is and l of which have their leftsides beveled off, so as not to interfere with the free rotation of thearmature. The tendency of the latter relatively to the poles of themagnet M is to assume a position of rest, in which position, owing tothe peripheral form of said armature, its arms will always lie inclosest proximity to the poles of the electromagnet. If an electriccurrent is sent through the magnet M, so that k will be the N. pole andl the S. pole, then It andf will be of like polarity and Z and 9 will beof like polarity. The result of this electric relation between theelectromagnet and the armature will be that is and Zwill repulse f andg, respectively, and attract g and 71 respectively, thereby imparting tothe armature a quarter of a revolution.

' come the N. pole and 7c the S. pole of the electro-magnet, and thepolarities of lh and k g,

respectively, will again be alike, whereby the said sections are againrepulsed, and the sections it and i attracted to impart a quarter of arevolution to the shaft S, and through it to the minute-hand, and so on.

In order to operate the mechanism, it is therefore necessary to send acurrent of electricity through the electro-magnet at fixed periods orintervals, reversing the current each time, as will be readilyunderstood. To prevent a retrograde movement of the minute-hand, and toprevent the armature from moving beyond its position of rest by a toorapid succession of the electric currents, I employ a stop mechanismconstructed and operating as follows, referring more particularly toFig. 6.

Upon the shaft S is mounted a disk, D, in which is formed aratchet-shaped guide-groove, d, whose inner edge forms a ratchet theteeth. of which are formed by the curve or cam surfaces q and the radialshoulders or surfaces r.

The armature will thenassume a position of rest, for the rea- 2' emceeThe outer edge of the groove forms also a ratchet having curved or camsurfaces at, inclined surfaces 8, and the radial faces or shonl' ders t.In this groove rides asemi circular pin, 0, attached to one end of aweighted lever, 19, pivoted at S upon the supporting-fi'ame, the flatface of the pin lying normally against the radial face r of one of theteeth forming the inner edge of the groove, held there by the weightedlever 3). \V hen the shaft S is rotated by the armature, the canrt'aee qdepresses the pin 0, and, owing to the rapid motion of the armaturebefore the lever can lift the pin over the point of the tooth, said pinstrikes the incline s of the outer edge of the groove, on which it ridesuntil it comes in contact with the radial face or shoulder t, andinstantaneously stops the movement of the shaft and armature. theshoulder i, it will then be in a position to come in contact with theradial face or shoulder r of the inner edge of the groove, which alsoprevents a retrograde movement of the disk. After the movement; of theshaft has been arrested, as described, the pin will be lifted by thelever into its normal position.

The characteristic advantages of this mechanism are the following: ltmay be operated by a GOlllpftl'tItlVOlY weak electric current. Themechanical power generated is directly proportional to the power exertedduring every moment of motion. In starting, when the inertia of theoperating mechanism has to be overcome, t-hepower is greatest, becauseat that moment there is not only an attracting but simultaneously arepulsing power in the direction of motion exerted upon the saidmechanism. The armature, in proportion to its dimensions, is highlymagnetic, and this magi'ietism may be increased by a correspondingincrease of the power of the steel magnet. lly the reversal of thecurrent the formation of renmnent magnetism in the electronmgnet, aswell as the influence of atmospheric electrical disturbances, areavoided.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is-- 1. In anelectromagnetic motor, the combination, with an electromagnet, ot' apermanent magnet and an armature polarized thereby, composed of two barsisolated from each other, the ends of which intermatch, as de scribed,forming alternating positive and negative poles, said armature beingarranged relatively to the electro-magnet, as described, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

Should the pin 0 recoil on striking 2. In an electro-magnetic-motormechanism, the combination, with an electromagnet, and a polarizedrotating armature having positive and negative poles alternating witheach other, and arranged relatively to the said magnet, as described, ofappliances to limit the movements of the armature in one direction ateach pulsation ot' the electric current, as set forth. I

3. In an e1ectro-magnetic-motor mechanism, the combination, with aneleetro-magnet, and a polarized rotating armature having alternatingpositive and negative poles f g h '2 and arranged relatively to theelectro-imignety as set forth, of appliances to simultaneously limit themovement of the armature in both directions, substantially as and forthe purposes specified.

4. 111 an electro-magnetie-motoruncchanism, the combination, with anelectro-magnet and a steel magnet, of an armature composed of twosections, A and A, and arranged relatively to said magnets, asdescribed, whereby the sections of the armature are magnetized and theforce ot' the electric current passing through the electro-magnetincreased, sub stantially as and for the purposes speei tied.

5. The combination, with the electro-magnet M, of the armature composedof the sections A and A, sleeve 0, shalt S, and the magnet M, arrangmli'or w-operation as described.

6. In an clectro-magnetie-motor meehanism, the combination of anolectro-magnet and atrain of gearing for operating indicating de vices,a polarized rotating armature, A, for operating said train of gearing, amagnet for magnetizing the armature, and mechanism to limit the movementof the armature in either direction at each pulsation of theelect-riceurrent, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

'7. An armature for elect1.'o-magnets, constructed of two sections, Aand A, isolated from each other, and forming together an capement orratchet wheel, whereby said sec tions may be polarized and the teeth ofthe armature form a series of alterate -t-- and poles, as and for thepurposes specified.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEl N Rl't' H (l li A I I \Vitnesses:

HUco Mmsxnn, F. ULRICH.

